01 - Preheat oven to 400°F. Line a 12-cup muffin tin with paper liners or grease with butter.
02 - Whisk together flours, sugar, baking soda, baking powder, salt, raisins or currants, and caraway seeds in a large bowl.
03 - Whisk buttermilk, melted butter, and egg in a separate bowl until fully incorporated.
04 - Pour wet mixture into dry ingredients. Fold gently with spatula just until combined—avoid overmixing.
05 - Divide batter evenly among prepared muffin cups, filling each about three-quarters full.
06 - Bake 18–22 minutes until tops are golden brown and toothpick inserted in center comes out clean.
07 - Cool in pan 5 minutes, then transfer to wire rack. Serve warm or at room temperature.